Folate (vitamin B9): the folate cycle, folic acid vs. methylfolate, and neural tube defect prevention
Folate drives DNA synthesis and methylation through one-carbon metabolism. How the cycle works, which form to take, and why timing...
Supplement Articles – Evidence Based Information
Evidence based information about supplement quality, efficacy, and safety.
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
B12 drives just two reactions but they control DNA synthesis, myelin, and methylation. How absorption works, which form to take,...
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): what PLP does, supplementation evidence, and toxicity risks
Vitamin B6's active form PLP drives over 140 enzyme reactions. Here's what the evidence supports for supplementation and what to...
Niacin and NAD+: vitamin B3, from pellagra to longevity supplements
Niacin's role in NAD+ biology, why the cholesterol story collapsed, the NR and NMN longevity angle, and what the human...
B vitamins
How the eight B vitamins work as a metabolic system, their roles in energy and one-carbon metabolism, and who actually...
L-methionine
L-methionine's role in SAM methylation, the transsulfuration pathway to cysteine, the homocysteine risk, and why more isn't always better.
L-cysteine
L-cysteine's role as the rate-limiting precursor for glutathione, its structural function in keratin, and when NAC vs L-cystine is the...
saw palmetto
Saw palmetto's 5α-reductase mechanism, why the prostate evidence collapsed, what the hair loss data actually shows, and how extract type...
Maca root
Maca root's bioactive macamides, clinical evidence for libido and energy, ecotype differences, safety profile, and how processing affects potency.
Iodine: what it does, how it works, and how much you need
Iodine builds thyroid hormones, but that's not all it does. How it works, what happens without it, and which forms...
Selenium Supplementation: The Complete Scientific Guide to the Trace Element With the Narrowest Margin for Error
Selenium has the narrowest safety margin of any common supplement. The science behind when it helps, when it harms, and...
Collagen Supplementation: The Complete Scientific Guide to What Works, What Doesn’t, and What the Industry Doesn’t Want You to Know
Collagen science is more complex than the marketing. Strong joint evidence, weaker skin data, and two very different supplements.